think the earliest liturgy we have recorded is in Justin Martyr’s First Apology, from around AD150. That’s less than 100 years after the Apostles, but it substantially matches the Catholic Liturgy even today. Even the Catechism quotes Justin here because it’s that important. To say that no liturgy can be traced back is to be forced into claiming there is no actual liturgy at all (and thus all worship is purely an invention of men).
http://catholicnick.blogspot.com/2013/05/st-cyril-of-jerusalem-gives-example-of.html
http://catholicnick.blogspot.com/2016/04/the-ultimate-and-most-effective.html